Topology and size optimization for X-bracing system of nonlinear inelastic space steel frames

In this article, a Python-programmed advanced design paradigm is firstly introduced to topology and size optimization of the X-bracing system nonlinear inelastic space steel frames. For that purpose, an analysis method considering both geometric material nonlinearities utilized as effective finite element (FEA) solver. which, members are modeled by truss elements, while beam column simulated beam-column ones. The bracing members’ cross-sectional area their position respectively treated discrete variables. problem aims minimize weight so constraints on strength, inter-story drift maximum displacement satisfied. An adaptive hybrid evolutionary firefly algorithm (AHEFA) employed optimizer. Numerical examples exhibited illustrate powerful ability present methodology.